A visit to the K-State pecan experiment station is entering another world. There are 80 acres at the research station.
Dr. William (Bill) Reid, Kansas State Pecan Experiment Field, explains the difference between native pecans and planted pecans.
The native pecans are what this area is noted for producing. Reid mentioned squirrel established orchards. Native pecan orchards start with a forest of large trees which are capable of producing immediately. The undergrowth is cleaned and select trees are chosen to remain. These are the most economically producing trees. Over 95 percent of the acreage in the midwest has native pecan orchards.
Planted trees are in rows or are grafted. It takes seven years to start a new orchard and 13 years to break even with these.
When asked where pecans were grown in Kansas, Reid mentioned that they were anywhere up and down the Neosho River up to Erie. They are also found along the Verdigris River in Coffeyville, a few along the Caney River, and some along the Walnut River near Ark City which is the last river going west. Pecan trees like the black gumbo ground in river bottoms. North they go along the Marmaton, Osage and Marais de Cynes Rivers. Flood plain trees grow best in river bottoms. The pecans run out in Johnson County, skips over Kansas City, but some show up at Fort Leavenworth on the military base only. They are found in Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, the very southern part of Indiana, Kentucky and some parts of Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas. They are not in Alabama however. They are only native to the central part of the Midwest.
There is a variety selection of native pecans which are light color, easy to shell and have good kernel quality in this area. There was a release from the Chetopa Experiment Station along with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) of a selection called Kanza in 1995 or 1996. Last year there was a selection released called Lakota. The USDA names the specific selections after Indian Tribes. The 2007 selection was named after the Lakota tribe, a part of the Sioux Nation which was chosen by Dr. Reid.
Bill Reid is one of the foremost pecan researchers in the United States. He has received awards from the Kansas Nutgrowers Association, the Oklahoma Pecan Nutgrowers Association and from the Northern Nutgrowers Association.
Reid writes a column for the Northern Nutgrowers Association called Pecan South three times per year. The next issue will be due Nov. 12.
Reid picks up a pecan from a tree which has the selection name “Chetopa” and shows it to visitors. He has a love for his work which definitely shows as he tells about what he does. He quickly said that he got paid for doing his hobby.
K-State’s Pecan Experiment Field hosted a Pecan Harvest Tour on Tuesday, Oct. 14. Dr. Reid led this tour that featured the pecan cultivar trials at the research station and a discussion of the performance of each cultivar over the last few years.
Participants were able to see the effects of last year’s ice storm and saw how cultivars have reacted to this year’s pecan scab outbreak. Most pecan cultivars were fully ripe at this time and participants were able to see the quality of this year’s crop.
Participants met at the Pecan Experiment Field to take a tour, talk pecan cultivars, and share nut tree growing experiences.
This meeting was held at the Pecan Experiment Field. The field is located 2 miles east of Chetopa, on U.S. Highway 166, then three quarters of a mile south on 120th Street.
According to Reid, there will be a moderate crop this year on what is left of the pecan trees. The badly damaged trees were cut. Those that are left are branching out now, but it will take 4 to 5 years to grow and bear for the per acre yields it had before the ice storm.
There will be plenty of nuts for the people to buy this fall. The quality is good because there has been plenty of rain. The nuts are good-sized.
All in all the forecast is pretty good, Reid said.